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Grammar Patterns

-(으)ㄴ/는 척하다 (Pretend)

-(으)ᄂ/는 척하다 means "pretend to," "act like," or "feign." It expresses pretending to be in a certain state or pretending to do an action.

Structure

Verb/Adjective stem + -(으)ᄂ/는 척하다

Breakdown:

  • -(으)ᄂ/는: Modifier ending
  • : Pretense, appearance (bound noun)
  • 하다: To do
  • Combined meaning: "Do the pretense of [verb/adjective]"

Literal meaning: "Act as if [doing/being X]"

Formation Rules

Action Verbs (Present)

Verb stem + -는 척하다:

  • 자다 → 자는 척하다 (pretend to sleep)
  • 모르다 → 모르는 척하다 (pretend not to know)
  • 듣다 → 듣는 척하다 (pretend to listen)
  • 공부하다 → 공부하는 척하다 (pretend to study)

Descriptive Verbs (Adjectives)

No final consonant: -ᄂ 척하다

  • 크다 → 큰 척하다 (pretend to be big)
  • 아프다 → 아픈 척하다 (pretend to be sick)

With final consonant: -은 척하다

  • 좋다 → 좋은 척하다 (pretend to be good)
  • 없다 → 없는 척하다 (pretend not to exist/have)
  • 있다 → 있는 척하다 (pretend to exist/have)

Past Tense

All verbs + -(으)ᄂ 척하다:

  • 잤다 → 잔 척하다 (pretend to have slept)
  • 먹었다 → 먹은 척하다 (pretend to have eaten)
  • 몰랐다 → 몰랐던 척하다 (pretend not to have known)

With 이다

Noun + 인 척하다:

  • 학생인 척하다 (pretend to be a student)
  • 친구인 척하다 (pretend to be a friend)
  • 부자인 척하다 (pretend to be rich)

Core Meaning: Pretending

Faking an Action

Pretending to do something:

  • 자는 척했어요 (I pretended to sleep)
  • 듣는 척만 했어요 (I only pretended to listen)
  • 공부하는 척하고 게임했어요 (I pretended to study but played games)
  • 아는 척했어요 (I pretended to know)

Pretending a State

Acting like being in a state:

  • 아픈 척했어요 (I pretended to be sick)
  • 바쁜 척했어요 (I pretended to be busy)
  • 모르는 척했어요 (I pretended not to know)
  • 없는 척했어요 (I pretended not to be there)

Feigning Ignorance

Especially common with 모르다:

  • 모르는 척하다 (pretend not to know / play dumb)
  • 못 본 척하다 (pretend not to have seen)
  • 못 들은 척하다 (pretend not to have heard)

Common Usage Patterns

Common Pretenses

Frequently pretended states/actions:

  • 자는 척하다 (pretend to sleep)
  • 모르는 척하다 (pretend not to know)
  • 못 본 척하다 (pretend not to see)
  • 안 들은 척하다 (pretend not to hear)
  • 괜찮은 척하다 (pretend to be okay)
  • 안 아픈 척하다 (pretend not to be sick)

Social Pretending

Pretending for social reasons:

  • 관심 없는 척했어요 (I pretended not to be interested)
  • 모르는 척 지나갔어요 (I passed by pretending not to know)
  • 안 본 척했어요 (I pretended not to see)

Emotional Pretending

Hiding true feelings:

  • 슬프지 않은 척했어요 (I pretended not to be sad)
  • 괜찮은 척했어요 (I pretended to be okay)
  • 화나지 않은 척했어요 (I pretended not to be angry)
  • 무서워하지 않는 척했어요 (I pretended not to be scared)

Conjugation

Present Tense

척하다 + endings:

  • 자는 척해요 (pretend to sleep - polite)
  • 자는 척합니다 (pretend to sleep - formal)
  • 자는 척해 (pretend to sleep - casual)

Past Tense

척했다:

  • 자는 척했어요 (pretended to sleep - polite)
  • 자는 척했습니다 (pretended to sleep - formal)
  • 자는 척했어 (pretended to sleep - casual)

Progressive

척하고 있다:

  • 자는 척하고 있어요 (is pretending to sleep)
  • 모르는 척하고 있었어요 (was pretending not to know)

Negative Forms

Pretending Not To

안/못 + Verb + -는 척하다:

  • 안 아는 척하다 (pretend not to know)
  • 못 본 척하다 (pretend not to see)
  • 안 들은 척하다 (pretend not to hear)

Not Pretending

척하지 않다:

  • 척하지 않았어요 (didn't pretend)
  • 척하지 마세요 (don't pretend)

Common Expressions

Ignorance Pretense

  • 모르는 척하다 (pretend not to know / play dumb)
  • 못 본 척하다 (pretend not to see)
  • 못 들은 척하다 (pretend not to hear)
  • 처음 보는 척하다 (pretend to see for the first time)

Emotional Facade

  • 괜찮은 척하다 (pretend to be okay)
  • 안 아픈 척하다 (pretend not to be sick/hurt)
  • 행복한 척하다 (pretend to be happy)
  • 강한 척하다 (pretend to be strong)

Knowledge/Ability

  • 아는 척하다 (pretend to know / act like you know)
  • 할 줄 아는 척하다 (pretend to know how to do)
  • 똑똑한 척하다 (pretend to be smart / act smart)
  • 잘난 척하다 (act superior / pretend to be great)

Status/Identity

  • 부자인 척하다 (pretend to be rich)
  • 바쁜 척하다 (pretend to be busy)
  • 친한 척하다 (pretend to be close/friendly)

Politeness Levels

Formal (합니다체)

  • 모르는 척합니다 (I pretend not to know)
  • 자는 척했습니다 (I pretended to sleep)

Polite (해요체)

  • 모르는 척해요 (I pretend not to know)
  • 자는 척했어요 (I pretended to sleep)

Casual (반말)

  • 모르는 척해 (I pretend not to know)
  • 자는 척했어 (I pretended to sleep)

-는 체하다

More literary/formal version:

  • 아는 체하다 (pretend to know - literary)
  • Same meaning as 척하다
  • More common in writing

-는 듯하다

Appear to, seem to (different meaning):

  • 자는 듯해요 (seems to be sleeping)
  • Not pretending, but appearing to others

Comparison with Similar Patterns

-는 척하다 vs -는 것 같다

-는 척하다: Intentionally pretending

  • 자는 척했어요 (I pretended to sleep)
  • Deliberate deception

-는 것 같다: Seeming/appearing

  • 자는 것 같아요 (They seem to be sleeping)
  • Observation, not pretense

-는 척하다 vs -는 듯하다

-는 척하다: Pretending (deliberate)

  • 아는 척해요 (I pretend to know)

-는 듯하다: Appearing (observation)

  • 아는 듯해요 (They seem to know)

Common Mistakes

❌ Incorrect: 좋는 척하다

Wrong modifier for adjective

✅ Correct: 좋은 척하다

Use -(으)ᄂ for adjectives


❌ Incorrect: 안 모르는 척하다

Double negative confusion

✅ Correct: 아는 척하다

Use positive form to pretend to know


❌ Incorrect: 학생척하다

Missing modifier

✅ Correct: 학생인 척하다

Use 인 with nouns

Summary Table

TypeFormExampleMeaning
Action verb-는 척하다자는 척하다Pretend to sleep
Adjective (vowel)-ᄂ 척하다아픈 척하다Pretend to be sick
Adjective (cons.)-은 척하다좋은 척하다Pretend to be good
Past-(으)ᄂ 척하다잔 척하다Pretend to have slept
With 이다인 척하다학생인 척하다Pretend to be a student
Negative안/못 V-는 척하다모르는 척하다Pretend not to know

Cultural Note

Common in Korean Culture

Social harmony and face-saving:

  • 모르는 척하다 is very common (tactfully ignoring)
  • 못 본 척하다 for awkward encounters
  • Pretending to avoid embarrassment for self or others

Usage Context Guide

Use -(으)ᄂ/는 척하다 when:

  • Faking an action or state
  • Hiding true knowledge or feelings
  • Describing deceptive behavior
  • Avoiding awkward situations
  • Acting differently than reality

Common contexts:

  • Social situations (못 본 척)
  • Hiding emotions (괜찮은 척)
  • Avoiding responsibility (모르는 척)
  • Deception (아는 척)

Key Takeaways

  • Pretending/acting: Deliberate deception or facade
  • Modifier forms: -는/-ᄂ/-은 depending on type
  • Very common: Especially 모르는 척하다
  • Conjugates normally: 척하다 conjugates like regular 하다
  • Literary form: 체하다 (more formal)
  • Cultural importance: Common in social interactions

-(으)ᄂ/는 척하다 is essential for describing pretense and deception in Korean, particularly common in social situations where face-saving or tact is important.